¡¾ABSTRACT¡¿A general strategy toward the total synthesis of biologically important C17 polyacetylenes family such as virols A and C has been developed, which employed the (R, R)-ProPhenol/Zn complex-catalyzed highly stereoselective direct addition of propiolate to aliphatic aldehydes as the key step for constructing chiral (S)-alkynol units. Besides, chiral alkynol units in other C17 polyacetylenes were also synthesized based on the protocol developed.